How to format numbers in Java? - NumberFormat Example

You can use java.util.text.NumberFormat class and its method setGroupingUsed(true) and setGroupingSize(3) to group numbers and add a comma between them. Most numbers that are used to represent monetary value e.g. price, amount, etc require a comma to be added to improve readability and follow conventions. For example, if your variable is storing 1 million dollars then you would like to see it as 1,000,000 rather than 1000000. Clearly, the first one is more readable than the second one. Of course, you can further format to add currency based upon locale, but this tutorial is not about that. 

How to append text to existing File in Java? Example

In the last tutorial, you have learned how to write data to a file in Java, and in this tutorial, you will learn how to append text to a file in Java. What is the difference between simply writing to a file vs appending data to a file? In the case of writing to a file, a program can start writing from the start but in the case of appending text, you start writing from the end of the file. You can append text into an existing file in Java by opening a file using FileWriter class in append mode. You can do this by using a special constructor provided by FileWriter class, which accepts a file and a boolean, which if passed as true then open the file in append mode. 

How to break from a nested loop in Java? [Example]

There are situations we need to be nested loops in Java, one loop containing another loop like to implement many O(n^2) or quadratic algorithms e.g. bubble sort, insertion sort, selection sort, and searching in a two-dimensional array. There are a couple of more situations where you need nesting looping like printing the pascal triangle and printing those star structures exercises from school days. Sometimes depending upon some condition we also like to come out of both inner and outer loops. For example, while searching a number in a two-dimensional array, once you find the number, you want to come out of both loops. The question is how can you break from the nested loop in Java. 

How to Convert a Double to Long in Java - Example Tutorial

We often need to convert a floating-point number into an integral number e.g. a double or float value 234.50d to long value 234L or 235L. There are a couple of ways to convert a double value to a long value in Java e.g. you can simply cast a double value to long or you can wrap a double value into a Double object and call it's longValue() method, or using Math.round() method to round floating-point value to the nearest integer. The right way to convert a double value to a long in Java really depends on what you want to do with the floating-point value. 

How to create User Defined Exception class in Java

Java has very good support for handling Errors and Exceptions, It has a well-defined Exception hierarchy and language level support to throw and catch Exceptions and deal with them. Java Programmers often deal with built-in exceptions from java.lang package and several others which are already defined in JDK API like NullPointerException. If you have read Effective Java, you may remember the advice of Joshua Bloch regarding Exception. According to him, you should try to reuse the Exception classes provided in the JDK, like IndexOutOfBoundException, ArithmeticException, IOException, and java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException , instead of creating new ones for a similar purpose.

Second Highest Salary in MySQL and SQL Server - LeetCode Solution

Write a SQL query to get the second highest salary from the Employee table.

+----+--------+
| Id | Salary |
+----+--------+
| 1  | 100    |
| 2  | 200    |
| 3  | 300    |
+----+--------+

For example, given the above Employee table, the second highest salary is 200. If there is no second highest salary, then the query should return NULL. You can write SQL query in any of your favorite databases e.g. MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, or Oracle. You can also use database specific feature e.g. TOP, LIMIT or ROW_NUMBER to write SQL query, but you must also provide a generic solution which should work on all database.